Mix the yeast, water, and sugar. Cover with wet cloth and let rise for 10 minutes.
Add the flour, salt, and powdered milk. Knead until not sticky. Cover with wet cloth and let rise for 10 minutes.
Add butter and knead. Cover with wet cloth and let rise for 1.5-2 hours.
Matcha bread dough
Mix everything together. Cover with wet cloth and let rise at the same time as the white bread dough.
Split both the white bread dough and matcha bread dough into thirds.
For each piece of dough, roll into rectangle shape, making the white bread dough pieces slightly larger than the matcha bread dough pieces.
Lay out the white bread dough pieces; on each one, place one matcha bread dough piece. You should have 3 pieces total.
For each piece, roll into a tube.
You will have three tubes. Place the three tubes into a loaf pan (the flat circular parts of the tubes should be touching each other, and the short side of the loaf pan).
Cover with wet cloth, let rise until doubled in size.
Bake at 350 F for 10 minutes.
Brush top with egg wash (mixture of egg yolk and water).
Take top edge, fold to meet the bottom edge (folding dough in half). Then take the right edge, fold to meet the left edge. Turn the dough 180 degrees. Repeat.
Repeat step 3 twice.
Repeat steps 2-4 twice.
Once the dough has doubled in size, place in round baking tray. Spray top of bread with water.
Bake at 400 F for 20 minutes, placing the bread on the top rack. Also place a baking dish with water on the bottom rack.
Mix yeast with warm water and 4 g sugar, cover with a wet cloth and let sit for 10 minutes.
Add flour, salt, and sugar with the yeast mixture, knead. Cover with a wet cloth and let sit for 20 minutes.
Add oil to the dough and knead. Cover with a wet cloth and let sit for 2 hours.
Over medium heat, fry the garlic in the butter until golden. Let it cool.
Divide dough into 4 pieces. For each piece, roll out the dough to the size of the pan.
Place one piece of the dough on the pan, brush with a layer of the butter/garlic mixture.
Repeat step 6 twice, then add the last piece of dough on top.
Place a 3 inch diameter bowl (or something circular) in the middle. Using a knife, as if slicing a pizza, cut the dough into 16 slivers (but do not cut all the way to the middle, stop at the edge of the bowl).
Twist two of the slivers together.
Repeat step 9 until you end up with a total of 8 twists.
Remove the bowl.
Cover with a wet cloth and let sit for 1 hour.
Mix the egg yolk and water to make an egg wash. Brush the top of the bread with the egg wash.
Mix warm water, yeast, and sugar. Cover with a wet cloth and let sit for 10 minutes.
Add flour and baking powder to yeast mixture. Knead dough. Cover with a wet cloth and let rise for 1 hour.
Make filling. In boiling water, blanch bok choy for 15 seconds. Put bok choy into ice water to cool down. Squeeze out excess water, chop into small pieces. After cutting, squeeze out excess water again.
Mix all filling ingredients.
Split the dough into desired number of buns.
For each bun 1.5 Tbsp filling for small buns, 2 Tbsp for regular sized buns.